Adjudicator / decision authority#
The party authorized by the accepted policy to decide whether a claim qualifies and the amount awarded. See Claims and decisions.
Beneficiary#
The explicitly agreed recipient of a refund. This is not necessarily the address that sent the original payment.
BLISK#
Boolean circuit Logic Integrated into the Single Key. A cryptographic authorization primitive that compiles structured monotone AND/OR signer policies into one verification key. It does not handle all commercial or accounting logic.
Claim#
A purchase-bound request for a remedy, with a reason, requested amount, filing time and required evidence.
Collection source#
The enrolled reserve, wallet, balance or account structure from which an approved refund can actually be collected. See Funding and execution.
Commitment#
The agreed record binding the parties, purchase, terms, authority and refund constraints before payment.
Enrollment#
The merchant configuration linking identity, signing authority, collection source, risk policy and permitted decision authorities.
Exposure#
Potential merchant liability under active protected purchases. Exposure capacity is distinct from available cash or reserved liquidity.
Finality#
The original payment remains settled. The refund mechanism does not reverse it.
Guarantee#
An explicit reimbursement promise from a named, funded provider under defined terms. Cleard does not automatically supply one, and none exists in this preview.
Nonce / replay protection#
Unique material used with execution state to prevent unintended reuse. A nonce printed in a JSON file is not, on its own, replay enforcement.
Outstanding obligation#
An approved amount still unpaid because eligible collection funds are unavailable. An accounting obligation alone is not an enforceable collection path.
Protected purchase#
A purchase with a compatible commercial commitment accepted before payment. This preview’s unsigned fixtures illustrate that concept without establishing actual protection.
Recourse#
A pre-agreed path to a remedy after a commercial transaction fails. The path can exist even if available funding is insufficient.
Refund authority#
Bounded permission granted by the merchant before payment for future qualifying refunds. It must be backed by an account or source that can enforce it.
Reserve#
Merchant funds maintained to support potential liabilities. A reserve may be pooled at merchant level rather than fully collateralizing every purchase.
Settlement receipt#
A record linking an authenticated actual payment to the previously accepted purchase commitment.
Withholding#
A portion of merchant inflows allocated to a reserve or protection balance under an agreed policy.